JMRH Vol. 7 No. 2 (April 2021)
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Item Inhibition of Formalin Induced Paw Edema in Rats by Various Fractions/Extracts of Bryophyllum Pinnatum(Chitkara University Publications, 2019-11-05) RK Gupta; M Lohani; R VishwakarmaTraditionally, Bryophyllum pinnatum is used in the management of arthritis and inflammatory diseases. However, B. pinnatum has not been analysed previously for anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, this study is designed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions of B. pinnatum leaf extract using rat model of formalin-induced paw edema. Treatment with various fractions showed marked decrease in formalin-induced paw volume and edema in rats. The results of BPAAF treatment were comparable to standard drug, diclofenac. These results indicate that B. pinnatum could be developed as ant-inflammatory drug after further studies.Item An Evaluation of Practitioner’s Understanding of the Relationship Between Eye and Dental Health(Chitkara University Publications, 2021-04-14) Mumtaz Qazi; Usmani Aazim; Prema K ChandeBackground: According to several studies, eyesight may be impacted by dental health, including the condition of your teeth and gums. Hence awareness of correlating factors of ocular and dental disease is necessary among eyecare and dental care providers, so they can spread the awareness to patients. Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire was developed after focus group discussion. Dentists and ophthalmologists in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai received the Survey Monkey questionnaire, which was distributed through emails and in-person meetings. Results: 245 practitioners responded to the survey, including 125 dentists and 120 ophthalmologists. According to the survey, 62.18% of ophthalmologists and 34.40% of dentists are aware of the link between poor dental health and the eyes. Years of experience and knowledge of dentists were not correlating (p > 0.05), whereas years of experience and knowledge of ophthalmologists were correlating (p<0.05) regarding the relationship between poor oral health and eye. Conclusion: Ophthalmologists have encountered more instances of ocular issues caused by poor dental health than dentists. Thus, the present brief survey concludes that dental care provider needs more awareness about eye disease caused by dental issues. Both respective fields can provide awareness to patients for better quality of life.Item Educating Anganwadi Workers to Enhance the Mother’s Knowledge and Awareness about Children Eye Health(Chitkara University Publications, 2021-04-14) Ankita Raj; Navita Gupta; Ajit Kumar Poddar; Pradeep Kumar; Shehzad A. NarooBackground: Blindness, visual impairment, and other eye problems in children are some of India’s major public health issues. In a state-operated integrated child development scheme (ICDS), the government engaged the Anganwadi workers and helpers. There is the advantage of integrating eye health within community health as active engagement of these local community workers spreads and also promotes an increase in the uptake of eye services. Purpose: The study intended to train Anganwadi workers working within the ICDS with knowledge about children’s eye health. The study also aimed to reach mothers or other primary caregivers of children and pro-vide them with knowledge to increase awareness about children’s eye health using the network of Anganwadi workers. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was undertaken to assess the cur-rent knowledge and awareness about children’s eye health among Anganwadi workers and in randomly selected mothers and primary caregivers of children from two blocks of the Saran District, Bihar, India. Com-prehensive training has been provided to Anganwadi workers through a validated training module which follows the structure of ICDS training modules, and each participant is asked to share the knowledge and educate mothers or primary caregivers in their catchment area. After three months of imparted training, the mother’s or primary caregivers’ knowledge and awareness were assessed through a validated questionnaire, and the results were compared. Results: A total of 274 Anganwadi workers participated in the interventional program, and 273 (99.6%) agreed that the training about” children’s eye health” was helpful to them. Furthermore, 230 mothers participated in the study, and 222 (96.5%) said that they had increased knowledge and awareness about children’s eye health from Anganwadi workers. Conclusions: A significant improvement was found in the knowledge and awareness of mothers or primary caregivers about children’s eye health as Anganwadi workers had educated them and made them aware of it. Educating Anganwadi workers has a positive impact on spreading awareness in rural areas.Item Comparison of Stereopsis, Contrast Sensitivity and Near Points of Accommodation In Patients With Degree of Myopia(Chitkara University Publications, 2021-04-14) Sachitanand Singh; Renu Thakur; Diksha Kumari; Prachi Yadav; Bipina GautamBackground: Stereopsis is the ability to perceive depth in objects through binocular vision, where the brain interprets 2-dimensional retinal images as 3-dimensional shadows. It plays a crucial role in assessing and understanding the objects we see. Factors like sensory and motor fusion greatly influence the quality of stereoscopic vision. Myopia, a condition characterized by nearsightedness, can negatively impact stereopsis. Contrast sensitivity refers to the ability to discern sharp outlines and detect subtle differences in shading and patterns. It helps identify objects with unclear boundaries against their background. Purpose: This study aimed to compare Stereopsis, Contrast Sensitivity, and Near Point of Accommodation among individuals with different grades of Myopia and Emmetropia. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at Nandadeep Eye Hospital, Maharastra, involving staff and patients aged 15 to 30 years. Participants with strabismus, anisometropia, previous ocular surgery, ocular diseases, or systemic conditions were excluded. The assessments included objective and subjective refraction eye examinations, as well as measurements of stereopsis, contrast sensitivity, and near point of accommodation. Results: The results, based on 109 subjects, indicated no significant change in contrast sensitivity between emmetropes and myopes. However, there were significant differences in stereoacuity and NPA among different grades of myopes compared to emmetropes. Conclusions: the study suggests that optometrists and eye healthcare professionals should assess stereopsis and near point of accommodation in severely myopic patients even after optical correction, and consider vision therapy if necessary, as it is an effective treatment for accommodative and binocular vision anomalies.