JPTRM Vol. 10 No. 2 (November 2022)

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https://demodspace.chitkara.edu.in/handle/123456789/146

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    Quality by Design (QbD) in Product Development Life Cycle: Retrospect and Prospects
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Bhupinder Singh Bhoop
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    Prediction of the Anti-Parkinson’s Effect of Phytoconstituents from Mucuna Pruriens with the use of Prediction of Activities Spectra of Substances Software
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Sakshi Sharma; Navneet Khurana; Vikas Sharma; Soumik Chaudhury; Samriti, Talluri Sriram; Neha Sharma
    Mucuna pruriens Linn is the most popular plant which has been used for a long time for treating many diseases. The plants shows wide pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, antineoplastic, antiepileptic, aphrodisiac, antimicrobial activities etc. It has wide use in the treatment of the Parkinson’s disease. The rationale behind this study is to discover the maximum activities over the selected phytoconstituent of the plant Mucuna pruriens which can be used in Parkinson’s disease. With the help of Prediction of activities spectra of substances (PASS) software activities which are useful in the management of Parkinson’s disease can be recognized. The mol file of the compounds was downloaded from Pubchem and the activity of the various compounds was speculated in the PASS software. From the data we have noted the Pa values of the compounds and the related activities of the compounds then we have predicted the reported activities of the compounds and from the table and graph we have observed the higher and lowest value of the compounds showing different activities and also observed which are the compounds which does not show the activities.
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    Predicting The Potential of Convolvulus Pluricaulis Against Cognitive Dysfunction With The Help of Prediction of Activities Spectra of Substances Software
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Vikas Sharma; Navneet Khurana; Sakshi Sharma; Soumik Chaudhury; Samriti, Talluri Sriram; Neha Sharma
    Objective: Cognitive dysfunction appertains to a loss in verbal, non-verbal learning, attention, working and short-term memory, motor functioning, problem-solving, and processing speed. The major objective of this study is to find out phytoconstituents obtained from Convolvulus Pluricaulis with the help of PASS software, which can be used in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction. Methods: PASS is important software used in this study to find out biological activity spectra of phytoconstituents of Convolvulus Pluricaulis in the amelioration of cognitive dysfunction. The predicted biological activity was also compared with marketed compounds like Rivastigmine, donepezil, memantine, and curcumin. Results: From the study, it was found that CP has great potential in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction. Many phytoconstituents of CP have free radical scavenging, antioxidant, and dementia treatment activity. Conclusion: In this research work, information was compiled with the help of PASS software of phytoconstituents of Convolvulus Pluricaulis for its potential against cognitive dysfunction. Further research is required to explore the potential of CP phytoconstituents in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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    Role of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles in the Management of Diabetes: Current Trends and Perspectives
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Mohammad Amir; Manisha Vohra; Amit Sharma; Sheetu Wadhwa
    Background:Diabetes mellitus is a severe metabolic disease in which a person’s body cannot control the glucose level in the blood; it results from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Nanotechnology is a rising area in pharmaceutical sciences as nanoparticles are reported to enhance drug efficacy obtained from plant sources through green synthesis. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to focus on the antidiabetic potential of various metallic nanoparticles like silver, gold, copper, and selenium by using their secondary metabolites like tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids. The advantages of green nanoparticle synthesis are that they are eco-friendly, high temperature is not required, can be used on large-scale synthesis, and are cost-effective. Methods:A preliminary search was conducted in PubMed, OVID Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using keywords such as “Diabetes, nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles.” Results: This review includes various marketed formulations of silver and gold nanoparticles particles obtained from various biological sources like allium cepa, argyreia nervosa, callophyllumtomentosum, punica granatum, cassia auriculate, saracaasoka, gymnemasylvestre, etc. along with their research findings for reducing the antidiabetic activity. Conclusion:This review contains details about the silver and gold nanoparticles obtained from various biological sources used to treat diabetes.
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    Comprehensive Regulatory Framework in Current Advancements of Medical Devices
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Hirishita Dhawan; Priyanka Gupta; Anjoo Kamboj
    Background: A medical device is any tool, implant, or IVD that is intended to manage, ameliorate, avert, or identify a human disease. Simple thermometers, bandages, implants, and so on are examples. A medical device’s primary intended use is not accomplished chemically on or within the skin, nor does it require metabolization to accomplish that primary intended use. Medical devices are classified differently by different regulatory bodies. The FDA divides medical devices into three categories, whereas India and Europe divide them into four categories based on risk. Each regulated country has its own set of medical device regulations and guidelines. Purpose: The medical device sector is expected to showcase a remarkable journey of growth by 2029, achieving a 718.92-billion-dollar market with a CAGR of 5.5% over the expansion period of 2022–2029, making it the fastest-growing global market. The earlier medical device has simple inspection and testing but Post Covid19 due to an increase in imports, takeover from foreign manufacturers, and fostering innovation medical devices took off, becoming ever more sophisticated and widely available therefore the need for manufacturing and product standards was recognized, the new regulation was framed and regulatory specialists were recruited. Thereby led to the emergence of a whole new regulatory system and a post-marketing surveillance strategy. Methods: The analysis of current market size, share, and trends on medical devices for USA, Europe, and India was performed and current regulatory standards were observed which are continuously becoming stringent for all the countries with the advancement of technology. Conclusions: The Medical devices sector is the leading growing market. With the advancement in the medical device sector such as cybersecurity, digitalization, data privacy, and innovation, new entrants and new manufacturers the doors for entrepreneurship will open thus, it becomes highly important and necessary to introduce comprehensive regulatory guidelines for safety, effectiveness and customer protection, and satisfaction. The regulated medical devices sector will reach new heights with stringent vigilance and transparency benefitting society.
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    Co-Crystallization: Approaches, Characterization and Applications in Drug Delivery
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Sayali T. Patil; Monika S. Mane; Kshitija S. Desai; Satyajeet R. Jagdale; Pankaj A. Jadhav; Harshada A. Patil
    Co-crystals play a significant role in the pharmaceutical sector. Medicinal co crystals are multicomponent systems with at least one active therapeutic ingredient and the rest of the constituents being pharmaceutically acceptable. Co crystallization of a medicinal material with a coformer is a potential and growing method for improving pharmaceutical performance in areas such as solubility, dissolution profile, pharmacokinetics, and stability.. A key barrier to developing novel API compounds is poor bioavailability and water solubility, which can limit the effectiveness of new drugs or prevent their approval for the market. In terms of the significant enhancement in solubility profiles compared to the single- active pharmaceutical ingredients, co-crystals provide a distinct and competitive edge over other traditional approaches.
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    Chemical Induced Rodent Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Kavita Chauhan; Veerta Sharma; Heena Khan; Amarjot Kaur; Thakur Gurjeet Singh
    The term Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a neuro-developmental disorder that include repetitive behaviours, extremely constrained interests and deficits in social communication. In the last ten years, the numerous epidemiological papers discussing connection between autism and environmental chemical exposures has significantly increased. These findings are crucial because they focus on modifiable risk factors that may open up new possibilities for the primary prevention of the autism-related disability, which is now recognised to be more strongly related to environmental factors than was previously thought. A variety of environmental factors have been known as significant factors relevant to aetiology of ASD, such as lead and mercury (heavy metals), PCB(organic contaminant) and phthalates and BPA. The most accurate animal model of autism among all other models is valproic acid-induced autism, which can reproduce almost all of the molecular and cellular changes seen in humans with ASD. This review provide insight into various diagnostic available for autism, pathophysiology of autism and animal model of autism to develop a pharmacological therapeutic intervention for the treatment of disease.
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    Emerging Pathological Events in Liver Diseases of Pregnancy
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Rajalaxmi Behera; Amit Kumar; Samrat Chauhan; Amarjot Kaur Grewal; Thakur Gurjeet Singh
    Hepatic dysfunction in a gestational woman can arises from pregnancy-related factors, illnesses that occur concurrently with gestation, or previously existing hepatic disorders which is aggravated by pregnancy. Abnormal liver test findings occur in 3% to 5% of pregnancies due to a variety of probable causes, with clinical effects ranging from self-limiting to swiftly deadly. Abnormal liver tests in pregnant individuals are caused by four major conditions: (i) Physiological changes in pregnancy, (ii) Newly acquired Liver disease, (iii) Pre-existing Liver disease, and (iv) Pregnancy-related Liver disease. Physiologic changes in pregnant women lead to abnormal liver function tests. Hepatic disorders may result in severe illness and death in both mothers as well as fetuses. Quick identification of the disease is crucial, as in critical situations immediate delivery is vital for the mother and developing infant survival. This review focuses on liver problems that are specific to pregnancy. Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), which appears within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, is connected to liver damage. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) is the most prominent all across the middle and the end term of pregnancy. After birth, pruritus and the related biochemical indications of cholestasis resolve. Both pre-eclampsia and HELLP (elevated liver enzymes, hemolysis, and low platelets) are severe conditions that arise in the last term of pregnancy. Acute fatty liver during pregnancy (AFLP) is a potentially dangerous, uncommon condition that can affect pregnancy’s third trimester. This review summarizes the etiologies, pathogenesis, identification, and treatment of hepatic disorders during pregnancy.
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    Antianxiety Activity Evaluation of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn. Calyces
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2022-11-10) Gulsheen; Anupam Sharma
    Background: Anxiety is one of the most commonly prevailing psychiatric and behavioural disorders. Evolutionarily, it is regarded as a healthy emotion or behavioural repertoire, which is the outcome of a stressful situation, thereby, helping an individual to cope with a possible risk or a novel situation by increasing awareness and responsiveness. Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, SRIs etc., are used as first line drugs for the management of anxiety, but due to myriad of adverse effects associated with these conventional drugs, inclination of patients towards complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) has tremendously risen. CAM interventions mainly include herbal remedies.Different parts of Hibiscus sabdariffa have been used traditionally for treating several ailments including mental disorders. Purpose: Keeping in mind the traditional use of H. sabdariffacalyces,the present study was designed to evaluate their antianxiety potential. Methods: Petroleum ether (60-80°C), chloroform, ethanol, and water extracts were prepared using successive Soxhlet extraction and evaluated using elevated plus-maze model. Results: Among all the extracts, ethanol extract showed significant antianxiety activity at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Conclusion: Thus, the study establishes antianxiety activity of H. sabdariffa calyces and also validates their traditional use.