JTMGE Vol. 4 No. 2 (October 2013)
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Item Contribution of Decision Support System in Enhancing Productivity and Profitability of the Firm(Chitkara University Publications, 2013-10) Tanuja Kaushik; Monica BhardwajThe business paradigms are changing amidst changing business environment. There are newer technologies at disposal, rising customer awareness and their expectations from the need to attain efficiency and effectiveness in business processes for survival and competitive advantage. This paper provides insights on the significance of business decision making and present state of organizations that are striving to achieve optimal utilization of limited business resources. The paper highlights the nature of linear programming model and its importance in effective business decision making. The business impact of model is illustrated in the case using the linear programming model and transportation method through excel solver in computer manufacturing firms to help in deciding optimum quantity to produce within limited resources and how the computers manufactured can be distributed to market places at minimal cost. The paper elicits the effectiveness of the linear programming model to realize good decision making in business by meeting the business objectives through optimal utilization of resources. It concludes that model driven decision support system enhances the productivity and profitability of the firm in a constrained environment and is a highly effective model for solving business problems.Item R&D and Standardisation Activities of High Technology Industries in Japan in the Information and Communications Technology Services Field(Chitkara University Publications, 2013-10) Suguru TamuraThis study aims to elucidate the relationship between Research and Development (R&D) and standardization of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services in high technology industries of Japan. The study focuses on Intellectual Property (IP) standardization activities as a key factor in corporate innovativeness. The author examines the magnitude of the effects of R&D and standardization on patent applications in the Japanese electric machinery industry, which provide ICT services and includes the electric appliance manufacturers. The number of patent applications is known to have a positive impact on corporate innovativeness and can be used as a proxy for determining this magnitude of the impact. Pearson correlation coefficient between the number of persons engaged in IP standardization activities and the number of patent applications is found to be positive, but smaller in comparison with the number of persons engaged in R&D activities. However, the impact of standardization is larger than what is generally anticipated. These findings might assist corporate managers in decision making pertaining to allocating human resources.Item Knowledge Management and its Impact on Organisations: An Assessment of Initiatives in the Industry(Chitkara University Publications, 2013-10) Kirti SharmaKnowledge management (KM) has gained a lot of importance due to the value, which it has offered to the organizations. It has been observed that Information Technology (IT) has further made this task easier. KM efficiency of an organization varies due to its KM capabilities. KM initiatives in the industry are numerous and IT is an important tool to get these implemented. This paper helps to understand the organizational impact of KM initiatives and its assessment. The paper has two parts. The first part, which talks about organizational impact of KM is exploratory in nature. The second part is based on primary data collected from listed BSE companies. Data is analyzed to check whether organizations, which are practicing KM, are aware that they are doing KM. The paper concludes that better the KM capabilities, better will be the KM implementation results. The benefits of KM are both tangible and intangible. The paper would be helpful to the industry and to the researchers and would facilitate future research in the area to assess the impact on performance by organisations applying KM.Item Do Frugal and Reverse Innovation Foster Sustainability? Introduction of a Conceptual Framework(Chitkara University Publications, 2013-10) Alexander Brem; Björn IvensThe fields of frugal and reverse innovation as well as sustainability and its management have received tremendous interest in recent times. However, there is little literature on how both fields are related to each other. Hence, this paper gives an overview of research in both areas and provides a view of the relationship between frugal and reverse innovation, sustainability management and performance constructs. The link between frugal and reverse innovation on the one hand and sustainability performance on the other hand is established through a differentiated perspective on dimensions representing different fields of sustainability management, i.e. the sustainability of resources used in value creation, the sustainability of the actual value creation processes, and the sustainability of the outcomes of value creation processes. Moreover, we also argue for a positive link between the three dimensions of sustainability management and a company’s market performance.Item Spatial Visualisation of Correlations Between Key Innovation Factors: Standardisation Activities, Intellectual Property Activities and R&D Activities in the Japanese Electric Machinery(Chitkara University Publications, 2013-10) Suguru TamuraThis paper examines the spatial visualization of the relationships amongst three factors viz., standardization related activities, intellectual property related activities and R&D activities. The inverse of the correlation coefficients between each pair among the three factors is used to measure the distances graphically. This is expressed by a ‘triangle-shaped model.’ For the electric machinery industry in Japan, these three factors form more compact triangles when compared with all industries in Japan. The difference in the shape of the triangles reflects the closeness among the three factors, especially in terms of standardization in these industries. This methodology is expected to be useful for establishing robust and comprehensive technology management systems for corporate R&D activities. Such technology management systems can allow for the protection of proprietary R&D information and promote information gathering during standardization activities.