JMRH Vol. 1 No. 2 (April 2015)

Permanent URI for this collection

https://demodspace.chitkara.edu.in/handle/123456789/88

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Spectral Measures of Loudness in Patients with Ataxic Dysarthriag
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2015-04-06) Vandana V. P
    Dysarthria refers to a group of speech disorders characterized by neuromuscular involvement. This may affect different subsystems of speech like respiration, phonation, articulation and prosody differentially. Ataxic dysarthria is caused due to damage to the cerebellum. Excessive fluctuation in loudness or monoloudness typically characterizes ataxic dysarthria. These characteristics may be different in ataxic dysarthria due to lesions in different cerebellar loci. There is a need to address the spectral measures related to loudness in patients with lesions in different cerebellar loci.Seventeen subjects with ataxic dysarthria due to lesions in different cerebellar loci and matched controls performed an alternating motion rate (AMR) task. The recorded and digitized speech samples were analysed for spectral measures of maximum and minimum intensity. Intensity range was reduced in subjects with left (left superior paravermal, left anteroinferior), superior vermis, right superior paravermal and right anterosuperior lesions compared to normal controls in AMR task. It was comparable to normal controls in subjects with right posterosuperior lesions. Reduced intensity range seems to be because of increase in energy minima and decrease in energy maxima or due to decrease in energy maxima only.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Counseling in Eye Care
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2015-04-06) Manisha Kumari Patro
    Health is a basic need. When patients come to the hospital they are very anxious about their condition, cause and the nature of their disease. Many questions play on their mind. Is it curable or not? How much time and money is required for cure ? Tthey are also anxious to know each and every information related to their disease. Counselling is a very powerful process to allay their fears. It plays a vital role in all segments of health care. Nowadays counseling is no more restricted to treat mentally deranged or drug addicted people. In eye care, counselling is very useful to increase compliance and allay fears.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Impact of Uncorrected Vision on Productivity-A study in an Industrial setting a Pair of Spectacles
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2015-04-06) Keerti Bhusan Pradhan
    Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) around one billion people worldwide in developing countries need vision correction. Uncorrected vision is believed to be responsible for a widespread loss of labour productivity and quality, reading and literacy problems, and other problems such as road and domestic accidents. There is however, a lack of data on both the prevalence and the effects of uncorrected vision. As a result, governments and funding agencies have been hesitant to prioritise vision correction in their health and social development agenda. This acute lack of access to vision correction across the developing world is primarily due to inadequate number of eye care professionals, facilities and the high cost of providing spectacles. Objective of the study: As there are not any studies in the area of uncorrected vision and impact on productivity, this study was undertaken as a pilot study with an intention of understanding the impact of productivity among employees needing vision correction in comparison with those not needing correction but doing identical work, and to measure subsequent changes in productivity following vision correction among the former group through the supply of prescription spectacles. Method: The research was undertaken among a group of 238 workers engaged in spinning and winding function at a cotton spinning and textile factory in Madurai. productivity data was collected for 30 working shifts for each employee. Then the eye test was done by a team comprising of Ophthalmologist and Optometrist from Aravind Eye Hospital (WHO Collaborating Centre) and given the corrective glass to those who were prescribed the correction. after a month of gap given to get used to the glasses, again the productivity data was collected for 30 working shifts for all the samples in the first phase and analysed. Results: Out of the 238 (111 Spinners + 127 Winders) workers undergone eyesight testing, 187 (90 + 97 Winders) workers needed vision correction which is around 80% of the total test done. Of these 187 needing vision correction, 169 (75%) were presbyopic and needed glasses for near vision correction. All those who were identified as needing vision correction were given spectacles. In terms of productivity measurement, though there were problems in tracking the data each employee wise due to various reasons as the industry was undergoing a transition at that point of time. With the best available data, the spinners showed an average improvement of 9.5% (with a standard error in the mean of 1.6); 44% improved their productivity by more 10% on previous output levels whilst 23% exceeded them by 20%. The winders showed less change after the provision of spectacles with 23% increasing their productivity by 10% of the factory standard, demonstrating that this task made less demand on workers visual acuity. Pradhan, KB120 Conclusion: A significantly higher proportion of industry workers having poor vision due to Refractive error. They never try to correct this error unless the vision problem is a major hurdle in their work and social life. The ignorance may be due to, not a painful problem, access to immediate services in eye care, cost of services, inconvenience in using a foreign object, cosmetic value, no realization of quality and performance attached to work. Constraints: study could have been better if these following constraints were not there Industry was undergoing a transition from Manual to Automation processes. There was drive of Voluntary Retirement scheme (VRSs). If the study team could have got more time to think over the strategy and methodology. Policy Issues: The sight test result showed a high percentage of uncorrected refractive error in a high profile industrial setting. This could mean some percentage of loss of productivity and also a stake in quality of the product due to sight problem. gives an impression to study on subjects who are involved in products linked to productivity and quality like export products, jewellery, thread work, handicrafts, textiles, manual industrial works and also life threatening workers like driving and food products industries, where good sight means a lot. As a policy the industrial settings should include eye testing into their regular health screening programmes as this has direct implications to the work and outcome of the industry.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Study on Nutritional Problems in Preschool Aged Children of Kaski District of Nepal
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2015-04-06) J Acharya; E van Teijlingen; J Murphy; M Hind
    Undernutrition remains a key public health burden in Nepal. This study aimed to measure knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about nutritious food amongst mothers of 3 – 5-year-olds from rural and urban areas. A cross-sectional mixed-methods approach comprised a quantitative survey and qualitative focus groups. The community-based survey included 524 mothers of children who are no longer breastfed. Open-ended and structured questions investigated knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about nutritious food, child feeding patterns, and major barriers, food insecurity, and health-seeking behaviours. Focus groups were held with key informants, a thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data. Results: Major barriers to recommending nutritious foods included: lack of knowledge (19%); cost (21%); and culture/beliefs (7%). Nearly 55% children were given fruit once a week. Almost 37% of mothers never gave meat, fish and egg regularly to their children and 34% did not choose healthy food from stores, and 12% lacked food. Most children (57%) had been taken at least once to a spiritual healer and 16% had been taken more than once. The qualitative analysis suggested that important factors of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about healthy diet are poverty, education, strong cultural beliefs, family size, household income, time and a growing preference for fast food. Conclusion: Knowledge of and attitudes towards nutritious food is still poor. Beliefs about food practice are strongly embedded in Nepal. Thus, this study shows that policymakers should consider a public health intervention and approach based around changing these largely cultural beliefs and behaviours.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    A Study to Assess The Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Hepatitis-B among Nursing Students in Selected Schools of Nursing Moga, Punjab
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2015-04-06) Dhiraj Rani
    Hepatitis is worldwide major public health problem including India. According to World Health Organization fact sheet near about one-third of the world population i.e. about 2 billion person has been infected with Hepatitis B Virus infection with serological evidence of past or present infection. Out of these 2 billion people who have been infected worldwide, more than 350 million approximately 5–7% of the world’s population are having the chronic HBV infection. Health care workers are more prone for getting infected with Hepatitis-B as they are in close contact with the patients; nursing students are the future staff nurses. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Hepatitis-B among nursing students In Selected Schools of Nursing Moga, Punjab. The purpose of study was to assess the knowledge and to impart the health information regarding Hepatitis B so as to prevent the disease and reduce morbidity and mortality , with the main objectives to assess and compare the pre-test and post-test knowledge, to find out the relationship between pre-test knowledge and post-test knowledge of nursing students with selected demographic variables. Quasi experimental approach and two group pre-test and post test design was used for the present study by taking 60 Nursing students which were selected by purposive sampling technique. A self structured and self reported questionnaire on knowledge assessment regarding Hepatitis B was prepared and validated by the expert’s opinion regarding the relevance of the items. Reliability of the tool was estimated by split half technique which included computing Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and thereafter by applying Spearman Brown prophecy formula, which was found to be 0.8, and the statistical validity was found to be 0.9 hence the tool was highly reliable The questionnaire was administered to the Nursing students to assess their pre test knowledge scores in both the groups. After the pre test, the structured teaching program was given to experimental group by the investigator after one day of pretest with the help of A.V aids. The time spent on structured teaching program was 45 minutes. The post test was taken of both experimental and control group after giving a gap of three day to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study finding revealed that pre test knowledge score of nursing students was inadequate which get increased after imparting the STP. In this study the post-test mean knowledge score of experimental group was higher than the post-test mean knowledge score of control group at p < 0.05 level. This indicates that STP was effective. There was statistically significant effect of certain demographic variables on pre test and post test knowledge score of nursing students in experimental group. It was concluded that nurse plays an important role in disease prevention and promotion of health so providing continuing education programme is essential for nursing staff so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to Hepatitis B.