JMRH: Vol. 10 No. 02 (April 2024)

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    Driving Innovation in ASEAN Healthcare: Clinical Solutions for a Resilient and Inclusive Future
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2024-04-20) Kris Kek Shyang
    The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) represents a community of nearly 650 million people, belonging to diverse cultures, economic backgrounds, and health systems. In the transformative era of unprecedented challenges, the healthcare systems across ASEAN stand at a pivotal crossroads. From the learnings of the COVID-19 pandemic and the pressures of aging populations followed by urbanization and shifting disease burdens, the future health of the region depends on both recovery and reinvention initiatives. Innovation no longer stands as a buzzword but is the heart of this transformative phase, acting as the lifeline for building resilient, inclusive, and future-ready clinical systems. This journey beyond the pandemic stands at a demanding and critical stage of the need for investment in clinical solutions beyond technology, needing to be also resilient, equitable, and inclusive.
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    Visual Function and Ocular Abnormalities in CHARGE Syndrome: A Comparative Study of Ophthalmic Features and Systemic Manifestations
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2024-04-20) Partha Haradhan Chowdhury; Brinda Shah
    Background: CHARGE syndrome is a multifaceted genetic disorder characterized by systemic as well as ocular anomalies, which include craniofacial malformations, coloboma, optic nerve hypoplasia, and congenital heart defects. Purpose: The aim of the study is to explore the visual function and ocular anomalies with a focus on understanding the correlation between ocular and systemic features. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the period from May 2022 to December 2023, which includes 74 subjects who are diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome. Data was collected from specialty clinics and special schools across Gujarat, including detailed ophthalmic evaluation such as visual acuity testing with Log MAR charts. Retinal imaging and fundus examination were performed in all subjects. Systemic anomalies like craniofacial malformations and congenital heart defects were recorded. Results: Visual acuity score ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 LogMAR with an average score of 0.48., which indicates varied degrees of visual impairment. Ocular anomalies were more predominant with coloboma in 34% of subjects, optic nerve hypoplasia in 23%, and retinal thinning in 29%. Subjects with craniofacial malformations showed significant poor visual acuity, and those with congenital heart defects showed lower visual acuity. A moderate negative correlation was found between visual acuity and retinal thickness. Conclusions: This study highlights the strong association between systemic manifestations and ocular anomalies in CHARGE syndrome. Craniofacial malformations and congenital heart defects were substantial predictors of visual impairment, emphasizing the need for early and comprehensive monitoring of systemic and ocular features. The findings of this study contribute to better understanding of the genetic and developmental mechanisms underlying this syndrome with implications for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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    Time Is a Predictor: A Case of Idiopathic Optic Neuritis
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2024-04-20) Devanshi Dalal; Nita Makwana
    Background: Optic neuritis is an inflammatory condition causing visual impairment, mainly affecting females aged 20-40. It’s a rare condition, with idiopathic ON presenting unique diagnostic challenges. Purpose: Early detection and intervention are crucial, with optometrists playing a key role in comprehensive evaluations using OCT and visual field testing. Case Description: A 20-year-old male with progressively worsening vision experienced afferent pupillary defect, reduced contrast sensitivity, and color vision. Results: A multidisciplinary team managed the condition, including methylprednisolone, oral prednisone, neurotrophic support, and antibiotics. Conclusions: The case highlights the significance of early optometric evaluation in detecting and managing optic neuritis, facilitated by advanced diagnostic techniques. The improved visual acuity demonstrates the benefits of early intervention, emphasizing the role of optometrists in preserving vision and enhancing patient outcomes.
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    Effect of Yoga Relaxation Techniques on Mental Efficiency
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2024-04-20) Parineeta Jindal; Anuradha Sharma
    Background: An elderly person in the age group of 60 years or above usually faces challenges related to mental efficiency. Due to their problems with physical movements, yoga relaxation techniques are easy to follow and may facilitate enhancing mental efficiency. Purpose: To compare the significant effect of the Mind Sound Resonance Technique and Deep Relaxation Technique among the elderly on mental efficiency and its dimensions vis-à-vis mental functions, mental status, percept and motion equity, and depression. Methods: The present study was an experimental design and used a non-probability sampling technique to select the sample of elderly participants. They were divided into three groups vis-à-vis Experimental Group-I (EG-I), Experimental Group-II (EG-II), and the Control Group (CG). EG-I received Mind Sound Resonance Technique (MSRT) and EG-II received Deep Relaxation Technique (DRT) for 15 sessions. The CG continued with routine activities. A final sample of 91 participants was analyzed using non-parametric ANCOVA followed by a post hoc test. Pre-tests and post-tests for EG-I, EG-II, and CG were conducted on a standardized tool of mental efficiency. Results: It was found that the difference among the three groups was significant at a 0.05 level for mental efficiency (overall) and each of its dimensions. Post hoc tests revealed that MSRT was more effective than DRT and CG for enhancing mental efficiency. Conclusion: MSRT is a more useful technique for improving mental efficiency in the elderly.
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    To Evaluate the Efficacy of Ultrasound Therapy with Maitland Mobilization against Shortwave Diathermy with Maitland Mobilization in Treatment of Periarthritis Shoulder
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2024-04-20) Tanishq Monga; Lalit Arora; Reena Arora; Anu Monga
    Background: A clinical condition of uncertain etiology characterized by substantial restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion, initially affecting external rotation and later shoulder abduction. The main pain factor is ROM restriction and inflammation. The initial stage is challenging, with the majority of the discomfort occurring at night. Purpose: The initial stage is challenging to treat, with the majority of the discomfort occurring at night, and hence we need to compare the treatment approaches. Methods: 60 subjects were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria diagnosed with frozen shoulder of age group between 40-70 years. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A (n=20) were treated with ultrasound therapy with Maitland mobilization; Group B (n=20) were treated with shortwave diathermy with Maitland mobilization; Group C (n=20) were treated with hot packs and exercises. Patients were evaluated for pain by using VAS. ROM of shoulder joint was measured using a goniometer. The duration of the study was 6 weeks. The patients were assessed on the 0th day and at the end of the 3rd and 6th weeks. Results: After statistical analysis, significantly higher improvement was seen in the mean of VAS and ROM in Group B. Conclusion: It was determined that Maitland mobilization in combination with shortwave diathermy is superior to both other modalities of therapy.