JTMGE Vol. 1 No. 1 (April 2010)
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Item The Effect of Social Environment on Local Communities’ Perspectives towards Built Heritage Conservation: A Review(Chitkara University Publications, 2023-04-10) Varun ThakurBackground: Built heritage is central to community identity, yet its conservation depends on local perspectives influenced by social factors such as community ties, cultural values, and economic conditions. While strong social connections and cultural pride support conservation, economic challenges and lack of awareness can hinder it. This review examines how these social influences shape attitudes toward heritage preservation and suggests actions to enhance awareness, value, and understanding of heritage within local communities. Purpose: This paper examines how the social environment influences local communities’ perceptions of built heritage conservation and their active involvement in preservation efforts. Method: A literature review was conducted to analyze key social factors such as heritage value, peer influence, awareness, and socio-economic conditions that shape community attitudes toward heritage conservation. The study also explores participatory models and educational strategies as methods to enhance community engagement. Results: Social factors play a critical role in heritage conservation. Communities that view heritage as culturally valuable are more likely to support preservation. Peer influence and local leadership foster collective action, while low awareness and competing economic priorities reduce engagement. Participatory decision-making and education emerge as effective strategies for improving community involvement in heritage conservation. Conclusion: Social factors are pivotal to heritage conservation, with communities that recognize the cultural value of heritage more likely to support its preservation. Peer influence and local leadership encourage collective action, while low awareness and economic pressures can diminish engagement. Promoting participatory decision-making and education are key strategies for enhancing community involvement in heritage conservation, ensuring greater long-term preservation and appreciation of cultural assets.Item Enhancement of QoS in 802.11e for Real Time Traffic(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Gurpreet Singh Grewal; Rajbir Singh; Manpreet Singh“Quality of Service (QoS) requirements like good throughput and minimum access delay are challenging tasks to accomplish with regard to 802.11 WLAN protocols and Medium Access Control (MAC) functions. In this article, a distributed medium access scheme called EDCF, which is adopted in an upcoming standard IEEE802.11e to allow prioritized medium access for applications with QoS requirements, is described and discussed. Its performance is also evaluated via simulations using network simulator called OPNET”Item FPGA Based Hardware Co-Simulation of an Area and Power Efficient FIR Filter for Wireless Communication Systems(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Rajesh Kumar; Swapna Devi; S. S. Pattnaik“In this paper FPGA based hardware co-simulation of an area and power efficient FIR filter for wireless communication systems is presented. The implementation is based on distributed arithmetic (DA) which substitutes multiply-and-accumulate operations with look up table (LUT) accesses. Parallel Distributed arithmetic (PDA) look up table approach is used to implement an FIR Filter taking optimal advantage of the look up table structure of FPGA using VHDL. The proposed design is hardware co-simulated using System Generator10.1, synthesized with Xilinx ISE 10.1 software, and implemented on Virtex-4 based xc4vlx25-10ff668 target device. Results show that the proposed design operates at 17.5 MHz throughput and consumes 0.468W power with considerable reduction in required resources to implement the design as compared to Coregen and add/shift based design styles. Due to this reduction in required resources the proposed design can also be implemented on Spartan-3 FPGA device to provide cost effective solution for DSP and wireless communication applications.”Item Analysis of Exposed Node Problem and Security Concerns in Adhoc Networks(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) T. L. Singal; Prachi Sharma; Ravneet Kaur“The paper contains the analysis of exposed node problem in mobile adhoc network. The problem is that before starting the transmission, a station wants to know whether there is activity around the receiver. If the transmission is taking place around the receiver, there will be collisions and the effective throughput will be decreased. A detailed study of the simulation on these exposed nodes is carried out using the GloMoSim software to calculate the throughput for the various transmission powers and different protocols, so as to compare the performances by varying different parameters. These simulation results with GloMoSim corroborate our theoretical analysis.”Item Chip Architecture for Data Sorting Using Recursive Algorithm(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Megha Agarwal; Indra Gupta“This paper suggests a way to implement recursive algorithm on hardware with an example of sorting of numeric data. Every recursive call/return needs a mechanism to store/restore parameters, local variables and return addresses respectively. Also a control sequence is needed to control the flow of execution as in case of recursive call and recursive return. The number of states required for the execution of a recursion in hardware can be reduced compared with software. This paper describes all the details that are required to implement recursive algorithm in hardware. For implementation, all the entities are designed using VHDL and are synthesized, configured on Spartan-2 XC2S200-5PQ208. “Item Certificate Path Verification in Hierarchical and Peer-to-Peer Public Key Infrastructures(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Balachandra; Prema K.V.“Authentication of users in an automated business transaction is commonly realized by means of a Public Key Infrastructure(PKI). A PKI is a framework on which the security services are built. Each user or end entity is given a digitally signed data structure called digital certificate. In Hierarchical PKI, certificate path is unidirectional, so certificate path development and validation is simple and straight forward. Peer-to-Peer(also called Mesh PKI) architecture is one of the most popular PKI trust models that is widely used in automated business transactions, but certificate path verification is very complex since there are multiple paths between users and the certification path is bidirectional. In this paper, we demonstrate the advantage of certificate path verification in Hierarchical PKI based on forward path construction method over reverse path construction method with respect to the time requirement. We also propose a novel method to convert a peer-to-peer PKI to a Depth First Search(DFS) spanning tree to simplify the certificate path verification by avoiding multiple paths between users, since the DFS spanning tree equivalent of peer-to-peer PKI contains only one path between any two Certification Authorities.Item Measuring R&D Demographics to Assess the Potential for Technological Innovation of SMEs in India(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Mary Mathew; Anirudha Dambal; V. Chandrashekar“Innovation is one of the best-known indicators of organizational competitive advantage. However, little is known about the innovation behavior of SMEs in developing countries. The capacity of SMEs to be lean, flexible and agile makes their potential for innovation, high. Their R&D demographics is a good indicator of whether they will be potentially innovative or not. It is with this aim that we studied the R&D characteristics of Indian SMEs. The survey methodology was used. The questionnaire method was used for data collection. A sample of 55 Indian SME organizations in the pharmaceuticals, information technology, machine tools and precision tools sectors were surveyed. The metrics used to measure R&D demographics included spread of R&D activities within the SMEs, R&D expenditure of the SMEs, education levels of the SMEs, collaborations of the SMEs for technology acquisition and clients of the SMEs between foreign and Indian markets. Implications and policy suggestions are also discussed.Item IT for Sustainable Growth(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Alan Dix; Sriram Subramanian“This paper addresses the changing nature of markets in an IT-rich and Internet connected world. Through a combination of case studies, theoretical analysis and parallels between issues in developed and emerging worlds, it explores whether technology can help create economic futures that are economically, socially and environmentally sustainable for the emergent economies and also offer fresh directions for the culturally homogenised and resource wasteful west. The paper suggests that IT radically changes the `ground rules\\\’ compared with the periods of intense development in western countries in the 19th and 20th centuries. In particular, IT opens the way for less centralised growth, where global communications enable local collaboration, and those at the bottom of the economic pyramid can have presence on the world stage. However, realising the potential of IT to aid sustainability may require strategic efforts to create suitable information and economic infrastructures. “Item University-Industry Collaboration: An Open Innovation Approach at Hewlett-Packard(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Vinnie Jauhari; Michel Benard“In the pursuit of innovation, global firms try to deploy different strategies for innovation. The universities constitute a very important segment for sourcing innovation and working on pre-competitive technologies which have a long term impact. This research assesses the open innovation approach deployed by firms. It also looks at the approach adopted by Hewlett-Packard to focus on technologies which have a long term impact and developed by an open approach involving technical communities around the globe. It tracks the development of technologies such as D Space and its applications and challenges. It also looks at the strategy towards developing Cloud Computing frameworks. The other initiatives include the implementation of the Innovation Research Program spanning the universities across various countries. The opportunities and challenges associated with the open innovation approach are then suggested based on interaction with over two dozen leading academics and industry practitioners.”Item HP Labs India’s Technology to Make Printed Paper Documents Tamper-Proof(Chitkara University Publications, 2010-04) Ramani Srinivasan; Anjaneyulu Kuchibhotla; Godavari Srinivasu; Bhushan MatadProof “The objective of this paper is to discuss the cost-effective technologies developed at HP Labs India to make paper documents tamper-proof. We started with a real customer problem: to ensure that printed government land records should be tamper-proof. We first looked at existing techniques to see if they could address the problem but subsequently had to come up with our own technology. To address the problem, there was a need to identify good pilot customers to promote adoption of technology. Another challenge was around the customer’s lack of awareness in terms of the impact of fraudulent documents on their business, and the difficulty of selling solutions versus selling products. Technology invention plays a small part in the final success of any customer-driven innovation, and so other factors should not be ignored. There were several other specific conclusions related to the innovator, the customer-facing staff and the customers. The key contributions of this work was starting with a real customer problem and dealing with end-to-end issues related to adoption of technology to make paper documents tamper-proof. “