JTMGE Vol. 5 No. 2 (October 2014)
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Item Strategic Option of ICT Driven Development Trajectory in Myanmar(Chitkara University Publications, 2014-10) Khin Sandar; Chihiro WatanabeWhile Myanmar shared one of the richest lands in South Asia with affluent natural resources and qualified human resources, it has suffered long-lasting economic stagnation since 1962. However, conspicuous economic growth, after the take off-strategy 1997 (1999-2007), was highest among 10 member countries of ASEAN, China and India, and has demonstrated their potential ability to transform their constraints into a springboard for innovation. This reminds us of Information CommunicationTechnology (ICT) driven development trajectory demonstrated by the world ICT top leaders, Finland and Singapore. Both transformed their indigenous constraints into India, and has springboard for ICT advancement and prompts us a hypothetical view that such a trajectory could be a promising strategic option for Myanmar in awaking its latent competitive power. This paper presents an empirical analysis consideringICT driven developing trajectory in 146 countries. The analysis involved four major steps. Firstly, Myanmar’s possible development trajectory was estimated, based on innovation diffusion theory, by identifying its current position in the global ICT versus per capita income development trajectory. Secondly, Myanmar’s current position in the global ICT driven economic development trajectory was identified based on the theories of timing of emergence of functionality development and CHASM (deep trench compelling new ventures start-up). Thirdly, given Myanmar’s position in anticipating support from ICT advanced countries for its ICT advancement, effects of support were analyzed by decomposing the governing factors to ICT advancement. In addition, Myanmar’s institutional identity supportive to effective utilization of ICTsupport was analyzed. Fourthly, based on the foregoing analyses together with the analysis of the similarity and disparity between world ICT top leaders, Finland and Singapore, possible scenarios for Myanmar’s ICT driven development trajectories, growth-oriented or welfare and happiness seeking were compared.Item Climate Change: A Paradigm Shift for Investments?(Chitkara University Publications, 2014-10) Sudeep RatheeContinuing with work of Rathee and Kapil (2013) on assessing the paradigm shift for investments due to climate change, this paper presents a review of the climate economics to add to the precious work on climate science. In its various sections the paper presents the economic treatment of climate problem as a market-failure from the perspectives of externalities and cost benefit analysis and reveals the dimensions of marginal abatement costs, and inter-generational equity. An assessment of likely total economic costs incurred due to climate change is presented to understand the scale of asset-value loss and economic risks faced by investors. We thereupon also investigate the various economic instruments that have been proposed by economists and implemented in policy for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change activity. In the penultimate section, a discussion is presented on challenges and opportunities for private investors in light of the climate economics revealed earlier in the paper. This research will add further to the work presented earlier in the series and adds another perspective of interdisciplinary dimension to the benefit of climate and economic researchers. For further action, the future researcher can build on this collective work to investigate for evidence on investable financial instruments that provide opportunities to allocate capital in the climate adaptation and mitigation related sectors.Item Structural Source of the Trap of ICT Advancement – Lessons from World ICT Top Leaders(Chitkara University Publications, 2014-10) Chihiro Watanabe; Kasheef Naveed; Weilin ZhaoIn light of the significant consequence of the trap of dramatic advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) in the global economy, both nations and firms that have been compelling their productivity decline. This resulted in great stagnation of ICT advanced economies and therefore its structural sources were analyzed. Based on an empirical analysis tracing, the trend in marginal productivity of ICT and its subsequent prices among the top ICT leaders in the world over the last two decades correlating with the effects of ICT, two faces of ICT advancement were identified. On one side, advancement of ICT contributes to its prices increase by new functionality development, its dramatic advancement particularly centered by internet results in the decline of its prices through freebies, easy copying, and standardization. It was demonstrated that the success of ICT leaders could largely be attributed to the way in which the two faces of ICT advancement were managed by maximizing the positive face of ICT advancement. This is done by means of the effective utilization of external resources in innovation while minimizing the negative face by outsourcing price decreasing factors. All of the aforementioned points can be invaluable lessons for global sustainability in both ICT advanced and growing economies in the midst of the advancement of ICT. The significance of innovation-consumption co-emergence for harnessing the vigor of counterparts is discussed.Item Exploring Intention to Adopt Mobile Banking Amongst Indian Youth(Chitkara University Publications, 2014-10) Renu Aggarwal; Monica BhardwajThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the major factors that influence the intention to adopt mobile banking. It explores the adoption factors using technology acceptance (TAM) and diffusion of innovation (DIT) theory. Major focus of the study is on the young consumer group that is more likely to adopt mobile banking. Analysis of the study is based on responses from college students in the national capital territory (NCT) of Delhi. Data is analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results indicate that constructs viz., perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), compatibility; trust and attitude are significant factors to be considered for determination of intention to adoption mobile banking. The study includes implications for researchers and practitioners in terms of identifying the key indicators of adoption of emerging technologies pertaining to mobile banking. It forms a base for future research to predict technology adoption in the context of developing countries.Item Fusing East and West Leads a Way to Global Competitiveness in Emerging Economy: Lessons from China’s Leap in Wind Energy Development(Chitkara University Publications, 2014-10) Narasimalu Srikanth; Chihiro WatanabeChina has demonstrated world leading wind energy development in the last five years which can be attributed to the fusion between its design and manufacturing strength in indigenous wind turbine industry and newly emerging wind energy industry in absorption of global best practices. An empirical analysis of China’s wind energy development trajectory over the last decade focusing on the technology sourcing from foreign firms in support of domestic players for accelerating functionality development through enhanced knowledge identification, absorption, assimilation and acclimatization was attempted. Important lessons learned include (i) importance of supply chain in the technology diffusion, (ii) effective technology acquisition and assimilation through early domestic firm engagement, (iii) effect of relevant domestic firms involvement in technology transfer partnership to induce inter-industry spillovers, and (iv) a framework for an emerging nation to develop new functionalities. Similarity and disparity with similar success of fusion in solar industry (JTMGE 3, 2) were also identified.