JPTRM Vol. 9 No. 1 (May 2021)

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https://demodspace.chitkara.edu.in/handle/123456789/138

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    Stiff Person Syndrome Misdiagnosed as Oxaliplatin Induced Neurotoxicity
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2021-05-07) K A Shaima; D Meghana; K Rooha; J Sarita
    Introduction: Stiff person syndrome is characterized by muscle rigidity that waxes and wanes along with concurrent spasms. The symptoms of the stiff-person syndrome were identical to those of oxaliplatin side effects. Methods: This was a case report of a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with stiff-person syndrome. He experienced pain with bleeding from the rectum. Screening tests were used to check foramphiphysin antibodies and electromyography. FNAC was done from the government hospital which was conclusive of metastasis. He was initiated on Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin protocol. Results: During the hospital stay, he was treated with 1gm Methylprednisolone for 5 days and sequentially with immunoglobulin 2gm per day for 5 days, concomitantly Benzodiazepam was given 10mg three times a day for 3 days but later withdrawn as the patient started experiencing dizziness. He achieved no clinical benefit in neurological status. Eventually developed aspiration pneumonia and succumbed to death after one month of diagnosis of SPS. Conclusion: Further studies should carry out to develop an evidence-based approach to diagnosing and treating SPS patients.
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    Current Approaches to Surface Modification and Target Tactics for Oral Administration of Liposomes: An Overview
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2021-05-07) Printy Dhadwal; Adeeba Zahoor; Nirmala; Gurfateh Singh
    Background: The future researcher will be able to improve on present platform and address the current translational and it is aware of liposomal technology advancement to obstacle that still need to resolve. Liposomes imitate natural cell membranes and have long been analyze as drug delivery carriers due to magnificent entrapment capacity, bio-compatibility and safety. Oral drug delivery via the gastrointestinal tract is the dominant route for drug administration. Liposomes carriers can increase the drug bioavailability, solubility and protect the encapsulated therapeutic agents from the extreme condition found in Gastrointestinal tract. Orally delivered liposomal carriers can enhance drug solubility and protect the encapsulated therapeutic agents from the extreme conditions found in GI tract. Liposomes, with their fluid lipid bilayer membranes and their nanoscale size, can significantly improve oral absorption. Unfortunately, the clinical application of conventional liposomes has been hindered due to their poor stability and availability under the harsh conditions typically presented in the GI tract. Purpose: The purpose of this study is know the surface modification and target tactics for oral medication administration using liposomes. Despite the success of parenteral the liposomes oral delivery is blocked by various barriers such as instability in gastrointestinal tract difficulties in across. Perhaps substantially enhanced oral medication delivery by rectification of liposome bilayers and addition of polymers or ligands while accounting for liposome stability and permeability. To overcome this problem, the surface modification of liposomes has been investigated. Although liposomes surface modification has been extensively studied for oral drug delivery, so far no correction has been adequately integument in that topic. Conclusion: The conclusion of overall study to overcome this problem, the surface modification of liposomes has been extensively studied for oral drug delivery.
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    Diabetic Retinopathy: An Insight into Clinical Features, Therapeutic Approaches, and Implications
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2021-05-07) Rupinder Kaur; Rithik; Kirti; Suman Baishnab; Shareen Singh
    Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects the heart, brain, eye, and other organs. Diabetic microvascular complications includes retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a multifactorial disease that develops as a consequence of microvascularcom plications, which causes damage to the retina by damaging the ocular fundus which further leads to visual loss. Purpose: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment works to prevent, delay or reduce vision loss. Non-pharmacological treatment include nutraceuticals (they have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property) and pharmacological treatment includes anti-VEGF agents, corticosteroids, and specific moieties. Treatment with nutraceuticals in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy could be a viable option for intervening before the disease progresses. Conclusion: This review briefly elucidates the emerging condition of diabetic retinopathy from epidemiological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects including the emerging uses of nutraceuticals in diabetic retinopathy. If we control glucose and blood pressure levels in diabetic patients, it may halt the progression and development of diabetic retinopathy.
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    Regulatory and Pathological Roles of CaSR and TRPC in Podocytes
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2021-05-07) Ashish; Gaaminepreet Singh; Thakur Gurjeet Singh
    Background: Podocytes, or glomerular visceral epithelial cells, are highly special-ised epithelial cells that cover the glomerular basement membrane’s outer surface. Recent research suggests that podocytes play a signifi-cant role in the physiology and pathology of the glomerulus. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has a variety of roles in maintaining systemic calcium homeostasis, and it is expressed by a variety of cell types, each with its own set of regulatory activities. CaSR activation in podocytes provides prosurvival effects and protects the cell against puromycin aminonucleoside damage, according to new research by Oh and associates. Purpose: Given that CaSR activation has mostly context-dependent cellular implications, further research is needed to determine its specific involvement in podocyte physiology and pathology. Glomerular kidney disease is a significant healthcare burden, and it is thought to be a collection of illnesses for which there is no precise and effective treatment. Conclusion: Excellent scientific and genetic research have identified processes that go wrong in podocytes, the glomerular filter’s regulating cells. Now the challenge is how to des-ignate targets for new, better medicines.
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    In Silico Evaluation of Reserpine as Potential Anti-Candidal Agent
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2021-05-07) Nidhi Rani; Rajwinder Kaur; Prerna Sharma; Praveen Kumar
    Background: Candida albicans is a fungus that can cause mortality if not treated properly. Lanosterol 14α-demethylase produces Ergosterol, the main sterol in the fungal cell membrane, when the enzyme Lanosterol-demethylase is present (Cytochrome P450DM). This enzyme is a target enzyme for azole antifungal medications. Purpose: In silico evaluation of reserpine as Potential Anti-Candidal agent. Method: The target enzyme was chosen and modelled as part of the project. Molecular docking studies were used to investigate Reserpine’s inhibitory impact on Cytochrome P450. MolegroVirtual Docker was used to conduct molecular docking and Chem sketch was utilised to build compound structures. Result and conclusion: According to the docking research, reserpine exhibited interactions with the demethylase enzyme.