JMRH Vol. 2 No. 1 (October 2015)
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Item Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Addis Ababa University Students, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia(Chitkara University Publications, 2015-10-05) Yetayale BerhanuDepression could affect the student’s academic success and his future such as withdrawal from study. Dropout ratio was found two-times higher in first-year students compared to second or third year students. It also causes people all across the world to have feelings of sadness, helplessness, worthlessness, and guilt. One of the important reasons in the current study is lack of data on the extent of mental disorders especially in higher learning institutions.Item Application of Lean Six Sigma in Reduction of Medication Errors(Chitkara University Publications, 2015-10-05) Pratima MiglaniThis study focuses on reduction of medication errors by application of lean Six Sigma approach in Medication administration by nurses in a corporate chain hospital of India. It helped the hospital to understand the impact of dedicated Medication Nurse on the Medication administration error rate. the purpose of the research is to redesign the policy on medication administration i.e. introducing the concept of Medication nurse for the management of medication administration errors and depletion of interruptions faced in medication delivery in order to improve the efficiency, effectiveness and safety of care delivered to patients. as per the study done on medication administration, the medication error rate found was very high in a ward (mostly contributing were 31% of missed dose, 21% of wrong dose and 17% at wrong time) due to many interruptions and challenges faced by nurses during drug administration which in turn affecting the safety of care delivered to the patients and total medication delivery time taken by a general nurse was 9 minutes. By using the lean Six sigma methodology, it was observed rate of medication errors was decreased, the complexity of the work flow became simple and systematic, the work load on all nurses was decreased, and the average time for drug administering was decreased by 55% i.e. to 4 minutes in three months. thus, it helped in reducing mess up and complexity in the ward with better utilization of other nurses to perform other activities which are needed to be done at the same time and delivering best quality of patient care with high efficiency.Item Burden of Disability in India (1881–2011)(Chitkara University Publications, 2015-10-05) Kalosona Paul; Shrestha SahaIt is estimated that roughly in the world 10 percent or 650 million people live with disability while India consists of 26.8 million (Census 2011) & 58th round of National s ample survey (N ss), 2002 (18.5million) indicates that around 2 percent of country’s population suffers from disability. the overreaching aim of this paper is to estimate the prevalence of disability with its type and assess the changes of proportionate disabled population during pre-independence and post-independence period. the paper essentially explains the manifold increase in the prevalence of disability in post-independence period due to the adaption of new definition. to analyze the prevalence of disability the standardized Index of Diversity (s ID) which was dev eloped by lieberson (1969) and Rowland (2003) and further given in K.M. Ponnapalli and F.Ram (2010). Paper outcome be said that blindness which continues fluctuated from the colonial periods in India. Concentration of disabled females is more with speech and, hearing whereas males' movement and mental disabilities. s IDD index values indicates that all the states and districts have experienced a rising seeing disability and movement disability, but 2011 reveal that prevalence of hearing and movement disability gradually growing. this index reveals that North-east states like sikkim; Nagaland & Manipur districts are disabled population are direct effect on curvature of economic. However, there is a need for the much-detailed investigation of the demography of disability which could provide insights into the problem and suggest the efforts that are needed to tackle the issue.Item The Potential Role of Nicotine in the Treatment of Learning and Memory Impairment after REM Sleep Deprivation.(Chitkara University Publications, 2015-10-05) Idris Long; Norlinda Abd RashidSleep deprivation has become a contributing factor to the world’s health concerns such as cardiovascular disease, mental illness and inattentiveness in occupation and decision making. It can also disturb synaptic plasticity that can lead to learning and memory impairment. Therefore, boosting cholinergic activity using acetylcholine imitator that can be found in the tobacco plant, known as nicotine, is essential in reversing the negative influences of sleep loss in the brain. Thus, studies on the effects of nicotine treatment on molecular mechanisms and structural changes of hippocampal brain cells are vital in order to gain more understanding and to overcome the detrimental consequences of learning and memory impairment related to sleep divest.Item Frequency of Specimen Rejection and Associated Factors at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa Ethiopia(Chitkara University Publications, 2015-10-05) Habtamu Molla Tesfaw; Astert Segaye; Fatuma HassenClinical laboratory diagnosis is an integral part of the clinical decision of health care service. while every phase is error prone, different literatures showed that more than 70% of errors in clinical laboratory occur in the pre analytical phase. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of specimen rejection and associated factors at st. Paul’ s Hospital Millennium Medical College, addis ababa, ethiopia.