Browsing by Author "Chanchal Kaushik"

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    Comparative Analysis of CT and MRI in Emergency Assessment of Stroke: A Review
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2019-04-08) Digvijay Singh; Chanchal Kaushik
    Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)in emergency assessment of stroke in brain imaging from the review of literature. Method: Relevant databases (PubMed, google scholar etc.) were searched and literature were reviewed from 1995 to 2019. Literature from non-Scopus and unauthorized authorizations was excluded. Result: It was observed that for MRI DWI (Diffusion-weighted imaging) is preferred and in CT, axial sections are opted. In earlier studies, it was seen that neither CT nor MRI came out to be superior. This may be due to the previous technology used. Some studies also, suggested that Diffusion-weighted imaging is highly accurate in diagnosis of stroke and also superior to CT. Another study suggested that SWI is a new approach in visualizing the hemorrhage in acute stroke. On one hand, evidence revealed that MRI is as good as CT. While on the other hand, literature concluded that CT angiography is good for intracranial and extracranial vasculature. Some studies suggested that CT is more reliable and is readily available for stroke. Conclusion: Present study concludes that both diagnostic imaging modalities i.e., CT and MRI have their advantages in diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Also chances of stroke increases with increase in age. Other factors influencing the stroke diagnosis and treatment are type of stroke, diagnostic imaging modality available, and cost-effectiveness of diagnostic exams performed.
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    Evaluation of Patient Radiation Doses in Skull Radiography
    (Chitkara University Publications, 2019-04-08) Chanchal Kaushik; Inderjeet Singh Sandhu; AK Srivastava
    Purpose: Exposures to medical ionizing radiations elevate the risk of stochastic effects such as cancer in exposed individuals. It is of utmost importance to monitor the radiation doses delivered to patients and their optimization to reduce the associated radiation risks without limiting the diagnostic information. Methods: Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) in a total of 64 adult patients in diagnostic digital Xray examinations were calculated and effective doses were estimated as per International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Results: Median ESAK (mGy) and associated effective doses obtained were skull PA (0.45mGy, 0.005mSv) and skull Lat (0.25mGy, 0.003mSv). Results were compared with UK diagnostic reference levels and studies in India. Conclusion: The comparison revealed that the calculated ESAK and effective dose values were less than the published literature. ESAK values reported in this study could further contribute to establishing LDRLs.